To answer your question, there are three types of motors used in electric cars:
The type of motor you have will depend on what type of electric car you drive. For example, most automotive manufacturers use PMSM motors. The Toyota Prius, Chevrolet Bolt EV, Ford Focus Electric, Nissan Leaf and BMW i3 all use a PMSM motor.
Some higher-performance cars, however, such as the Tesla Model S, use a three-phase AC induction motor. Induction motors are preferred for performance-oriented EVs because they offer more torque even at high speeds, are simply designed, are cheaper to manufacture, and can withstand more extreme environmental conditions.