Is New Mexico a Community Property State?

New Mexico is a community property state, meaning that each spouse is entitled to 50% of property gained during the marriage in a divorce.
Written by Bellina Gaskey
Reviewed by Melanie Reiff
background
New Mexico
is one of nine community property states in the US. Each of these states has decided that in the absence of another binding agreement, all property acquired during a marriage is to be split 50/50 during a divorce.
Divorce is nothing short of a headache, including when it comes to deciding who gets what stuff. In fact, divorces have become so contentious in terms of property distributions that a handful of states have decided to intervene, decreeing that all property is to be split 50/50 in most cases.
If you’re living in a community property state and don’t know what this means for you, you’ve come to the right place. Here, the
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What is a community property state? 

A community property state abides by community property law, which stipulates that all material possessions and nonphysical assets gained by either member of the couple during a marriage are to be split evenly in the event of a divorce.
All other states run common law property systems, in which whoever bought the item can claim it during a divorce. If you live in the majority of US states, if your name is on the receipt, it’s yours when you split.
However, there are nine community property states, including New Mexico and:
  • Arizona
  • California 
  • Idaho
  • Louisiana
  • Nevada 
  • Texas
  • Washington
  • Wisconsin  
Common law states aim to simplify divorce proceedings by dividing up possessions equally.  

Separate property vs. community property

Not every single item you bring into your house while you’re married is considered community property. Separate property that remains in the ownership of one spouse includes:
  • Anything gifted to that spouse alone
  • Anything received via inheritance, trust fund, or will by one spouse alone
  • Anything designated by a deed or court as belonging to one spouse alone
  • Anything owned prior to the marriage by either spouse
  • Anything acquired during a legal separation by either spouse
  • Any profits gained off of something owned prior to the marriage (e.g., rental payments from a rental house purchased by one spouse when they were still single)

What is considered community property in New Mexico?

Aside from the exceptions listed above, you can assume all property and assets gained by either spouse while married and residing in New Mexico is community property.
This includes income and debt. So if one spouse incurs debt while married and then the couple divorces, either member could be called upon to repay the outstanding debt balance (excluding debt from gambling or committing a tort).
If you purchased your car while you were both married but living in, say, Michigan, your spouse won’t be able to obtain it during a divorce in New Mexico. 

How is community property divided in New Mexico?

You have a couple of options to divide up your property in a community property state: come to an agreement before or during the divorce, or have a judge allocate your items for you.
Note that prenuptial or other agreements made before or during the marriage will still stand in a community property state. So if you declared in writing five years ago that you would get the expensive TV you bought while married in New Mexico (and your wife doesn’t contest), you’ll get it in a divorce.
If you leave things in a judge’s hands, they’ll take care to distribute items such that each spouse ends up with the same net value of assets and that certain assets are logically placed depending on each spouse’s child rearing, financial, and other situations. 
Key Takeaway Both physical and intangible property and assets will be split such that each spouse has the same net value of assets in a community property state.

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FAQ

In general, no. Your assets will be divided evenly in a community property state regardless of the reason for the divorce and whether the divorce is contested or uncontested.
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